Complete Blood Count (CBC) Test

What is a Complete Blood Count (CBC) Test?

A Complete Blood Count (CBC) test is a comprehensive blood test that helps evaluate your overall health and detect various disorders, including anemia, infection, and many other diseases. It measures several components and features of your blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets.

Components Measured in a CBC Test

The Complete Blood Count includes several important parameters:

Red Blood Cells (RBCs): These cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Abnormal levels can indicate anemia or other conditions.

White Blood Cells (WBCs): These cells are part of your immune system and help fight infections. A high or low count could signal an infection, inflammation, or other medical conditions.

Hemoglobin: This protein in red blood cells carries oxygen. Low levels can suggest anemia.

Hematocrit: This measures the proportion of red blood cells in your blood. Abnormal levels can indicate dehydration, anemia, or other medical conditions.

Platelets: These cells help with blood clotting. Abnormal levels can affect your ability to stop bleeding or could signal underlying health issues.

Why is a CBC Test Important?

The CBC test is a crucial diagnostic tool in preventive medicine. Regular monitoring can help detect health issues early on, enabling timely and effective treatment. Physicians often order this test during routine check-ups, pre-surgery assessments, and for diagnosing specific symptoms like fatigue, weakness, or unexplained bruising.

Preparing for a CBC Test

Preparation for a Complete Blood Count test is straightforward. Generally, no fasting is required unless specified by your healthcare provider. It is advisable to inform your physician about any medications you are taking, as certain drugs can affect the test results. The procedure involves drawing a small amount of blood from a vein, typically in your arm, and is relatively quick and minimally uncomfortable.